The governor is empowered to reserve certain types of bills passed by the state legislature for the consideration of the President. On the other hand, US has separate machineries for the conduct of elections at the federal and state levels. The position is same with regard to the removal of its members as well. But, this body is constituted by the President and the states have no say in this matter. The Election Commission conducts elections not only to the Central legislature but also to the state legislatures. In this respect, India adopted the Canadian system. The American Constitution, on the contrary, provided for an elected head in the states. Through him, the Centre exercises control over the states. He holds office during the pleasure of the President. The governor, who is the head of the state, is appointed by the President. Notably, this can be done when there is no emergency of any kind. This means that the legislative competence of the Parliament can be extended without amending the Constitution. The Parliament is empowered to legislate on any subject of the State List if Rajya Sabha passes a resolution to that effect in the national interest. Parliament’s Authority Over State List:-Įven in the limited sphere of authority allotted to them, the states do not have exclusive control. The American Comptroller-General, on the contrary, has no role with respect to the accounts of the states.ġ1. Hence, this office restricts the financial autonomy of the states. But, his appointment and removal is done by the president without consulting the states. The Comptroller and Auditor-General of India audit the accounts of not only the Central government but also those of the states. Thus, the Constitution has made the Centre very strong. Finally, the residuary powers have also been left with the Centre, while in the USA, they are vested in the states. Thirdly, the Centre has overriding authority over the Concurrent List. Secondly, the more important subjects have been included in the Union List. Firstly, the Union List contains more subjects than the State List. The division of powers is in favour of the Centre and highly inequitable from the federal angle. A unitary state is a sovereign state governed as one single unit in which the central government has the supreme power.īesides the federal features, the Indian Constitution also possesses the following unitary or Non-federal features: A unitary system is governed constitutionally as one single unit, with one constitutionally created legislature. The central government creates local units of government for its own convenience.
In such government all powers held by the government belong to a single, central agency. Unitary government is known as a centralized government.
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